POLYMORPHISM STUDY AND MOLECULAR DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT HYBRID VARIETIES OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) THROUGH RAPD AND SSR MARKERS

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crop around the world. It is the staple food in Bangladesh. This study was conducted in Biotechnology Laboratory of the Department of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207 from the period of November 2018 to April 2019 to determine the molecular diversity among four rice hybrid varieties using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Single Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 21 RAPD primers and 4 SSR primers were used to determine polymorphism among the rice hybrids to produce scorable DNA bands. Total 82 bands were amplified through RAPD primers. Among them 26 were polymorphic bands. The range of DNA amplification varied from 1300-150 bp. The rate of polymorphism was obtained about 30.33%. Lower level of polymorphisms in hybrids indicated that there is a basic similarity among the varieties which is due to the common ancestor and the similarity of the selective traits. Genetic diversity ranged from 0 to 0.5000 and the frequency of major allele ranged from 0.5000 to 1.0000. Nei’s genetic distance ranged from 0.1190 to 0.2262. The PIC value ranged from 0 to 0.3750 with the average value 0.1052. The PIC value indicates that the studied rice hybrids had low molecular diversity. A dendogram indicating the relative genetic similarity of the rice hybrids was constructed which followed three major clusters (A, B and C) among the studied material. Two SSR primers showed polymorphic band which can be used as an evidence of variety protection data. This experimental findings can be used for the protection of hybrids in commercial purpose and in managing rice genetic resource in Bangladesh.