Biennial Research Report

MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR GENETIC DIVERSITY OF EXOTIC MUSKMELON GERMPLASM

2026-06-01T00:00:00Z

MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR GENETIC DIVERSITY OF EXOTIC MUSKMELON GERMPLASM Islam, Md. Anwaul Executive Summary Morphological and molecular characterization are important procedures to identify the accessions with desirable traits; to discern genetic relationship among germplasms. Five exotic germplasm showed morphological variations in growth habit, fruit shape, fruit skin texture, fruit splitting, fruit aroma, fruit size, and fruit skin colour at fully formed fruit and fruit skin colour at seed harvest maturity. Quantitative variations were recorded in days of first flowering, number of primary branches, harvesting time, fruit length, fruit width and fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, brix index, and yield/plant. The characters, for instance fruits weight, brix index and yield revealed highest. These three characters should also be considered for improvement of exotic muskmelon. Highest CV (%) was found in number of fruits fruit length, (11.75) followed by fruit diameter (11.40) and yield (11.16). Information about genetic variation has become more critical and deciding factor for any breeding and improvement effort, is difficult, inefficient, and inaccurate when based on morphological traits only. Therefore, this investigation was conducted using five microsatellite DNA markers to evaluate genetic variation among 5-muskmelon germplasm. All five microsatellite markers were polymorphic. Lower values detected in observed than expected heterozygosity for all loci, indicating homozygous condition in the sample population. A total number of 24 alleles were generated by the five primers across 5germplasm. The locus CMGA104 and CMCTT144 showed the highest number of alleles (6), whereas followed by CMAG59, (5) CMTA134a, (4) and CMTA170a (3) number of alleles. Allele size ranged between 90 bp (CMAG59) to 415 (CMGA104). The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) values ranged from 0.301 to 0.689 for the locus CMAG59 and CMGA104, respectively. So, based on the morphological, quantitative, and molecular analysis, ME18 and ME26 germplasm can be selected for further breeding programme due to highest brix index and yield.

MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME SEQUENCING AND PHYLOGENETIC STUDIES OF FEATHER BACK CHITAL, Chitala chitala

2026-06-01T00:00:00Z

MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME SEQUENCING AND PHYLOGENETIC STUDIES OF FEATHER BACK CHITAL, Chitala chitala Islam, Mohammad Nazrul Executive Summary The featherback chital or clown knifefish (Chitala chitala) is categorized as an endangered species in Bangladesh whereas, in global context, the fish is considered as near threatened species. The study aimed to characterize the mitochondrial genome sequencing of Chitala chitala and to explore phylogenetic history. Featherback chital fish specimens were collected from the Netrokona district of Bangladesh for investigating mitogenome sequencing during February 2021 to June 2022. The genomic DNA was extracted from the fish tissue using the DNeasy® Blood and Tissue Kit according to the manufacturer’s manual. After confirming the species by DNA barcoding technology, the mitochondrial DNA was extracted with mitochondrial DNA isolation kit. The next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The process of NGS was performed from South Korea. The MiSeq raw reads were assembled using the Geneious® Prime 2020.0.3 software to construct a complete mitogenome of C. chitala. The circular gene map of C. chitala was drawn by OGDRAW software and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA7 program. The complete mitochondrial genome was 16248 bp in size. The mitogenome formed a circular double-stranded DNA molecule containing a total of 37 mitochondrial genes (13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 22 transfer RNA genes) with two non-coding regions, an origin of light strand replication (OL) and a displacement loop (D-loop), similar structure with other fishes of Teleostei. The phylogenetic tree demonstrated its close relationship with osteoglossiform fishes. The complete mitogenome of Chitala chitala (GenBank accession number: ON764424) showed 92.87 % identity to another species, Chitala ornata (AP008923.1), followed by 91.42 % identity with Chitala lopis (AP008922.1). Sequence of the complete mitochondrial genome of C. chitala would be an essential resource for studying population genetic structure and conservation management of the endangered fish species.

ANTI-DIABETOGENIC EFFECT OF DRUMSTICK (Moringa oleifera) SEEDS ON DIABETIC RAT MODEL

2026-06-01T00:00:00Z

ANTI-DIABETOGENIC EFFECT OF DRUMSTICK (Moringa oleifera) SEEDS ON DIABETIC RAT MODEL Islam, Mohammad Saiful Executive Summary Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) is a medicinal plant rich in biologically active compounds. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Moringa oleifera seed (MOS) powder for antidiabetic activities in rat following administration at a dose level of 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg of body weight/day. In this study, total number of rats were 100 and divided into four groups each containing 5 rats for five trials. First group was normal control (A), Second group was diabetic control (B), third group was diabetic with MOS treated 100 mg/kg body weight (C) and fourth group MOS treated 200 mg/kg (D) body weight. After 18 hours of starvation, body weights and blood glucose level were measured after acclimatization of rats. Then alloxan injection was injected at the dose rate of 100mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally to each rat to induce diabetes in groups B, C and D. All the group of rats were reared under normal diet and water ad libitum from day 1-10, on 10 day blood glucose level and the body weights were measured for the first time to ensure diabetic induction. Then all the rats of that groups were kept for more 21 days for the treatment of hyperglycemia. During that period on Day 0, 7, 14 and 21 98 st the body weight and blood glucose level were measured. After 3 weeks of treatment the blood glucose level significantly (P<0.001) reduced in the MOS treated groups C and D compared to B from 270.33 ± 1.21 mg/dl to 147.50 ± 0.60 mg/dl and 130.71 ± 0.60 mg/dl respectively. On the other hand, the average body weight was increased significantly (P<0.001) from 165.33 ± 1.40 gm to 216.50 ± 0.83 gm and 220.50 ± 0.83 gm in group C and D respectively. From our findings it is concluded that the MOS consumption could be beneficial in the diabetes mellitus rat model over glucose values and can be used as anti-diabetogenic agent in food.

INTERSPECIES DIFFERENCES ON OVARIAN MORPHOLOGY BETWEEN BLACK BENGAL GOAT AND INDIGENOUS BENGAL SHEEP IN VIEW OF in vitro PRODUCTION

2026-06-01T00:00:00Z

INTERSPECIES DIFFERENCES ON OVARIAN MORPHOLOGY BETWEEN BLACK BENGAL GOAT AND INDIGENOUS BENGAL SHEEP IN VIEW OF in vitro PRODUCTION Dadok, Falguni Executive Summary Black Bengal goat and Indigenous Bengal sheep are the most important small ruminants in Bangladesh. Ovary plays an important role in the reproductive biology and biotechnology of female animals. To characterize the ovarian parameters and to study interspecies variation this research was conducted. Ovaries of goat and sheep were collected from local slaughterhouses of Dhaka city and categorized as left/right and CL-present/absent. It was observed that left and right ovaries were equally active to normal physiological and/or ovarian activity, as the parameters of both ovaries in both species were similar (P>0.05). The weight, length, width and height of CL absent ovaries were significantly lower (P<0.05) but the number of non-atretic follicles, number of normal and total cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than CL present type in both species. The results of interspecies comparison showed that all the ovarian parameters in sheep were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of goat. These results will be helpful to manipulate ovarian functions, reproductive biology and biotechnology such as in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro embryo production (IVP) in small ruminants.