GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN TOMATO (Solan urn lycopersicon)

Abstract

Thirty live genotypes of Tomato (Solanum lycoperswon) were studied in a field experiment conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University. Dhaka. during November 2010 to March 2011. The objectives of the study were to identify divergent parents for hybridization programme, to identify the characters contributing to genetic diversity, to assess the magnitude of genetic divergence in genotypes, to screen out the suitable parents group which are likely to provide superior segrcgants on hybridization. The analysis of variance indicated significantly higher amount of variability among the genotypes for all the characters. Different multivariate analysis techniques were used to classify 35 tomato genotypes. Diversity was estimated by cluster distance. All the genotypes were grouped into four clusters. Principal Component Analysis. (luster Analysis and Canonical Variate Analysis exhibited similar results. Significant variations were observed among the tomato genotypes for all the parameters under study. Cluster IV had the maximum (16) and cluster 11 had the minimum (1) number of genotypes. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster Ill followed by IV. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster IL and III and the lowest inter-cluster distance was found between the clusters I and IV. Considering genetic parameters high genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight and fruit yield per plant whereas days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering and days to maturity showed low GCV. In all eases, phenotypic variances were higher than the genotypic variance. High heritability with low genetic advance in percent of mean was observed for days to 50% Ilowering, number of fruits per cluster, fruit length, and fruit yield per plant which indicated that non-additive gene effects were involved for the expression of this character and selection for such trait might not be rewarding. High heritability with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed for number of fruits per plant and fruit weight indicating that this trait was under additive gene control and selection for genetic improvement for this trait would be effective. Considering all the characters G24 (BD-7761); G27 (BAR! Tomato-3); G29 (BAR! lornato-6); (i31 (BAR! Tomato-8); G33 (BAR] Tomato- Ii) can be selected for future breeding programme.