SALINITY IMPACT ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND BRINJAL PRODUCTION IN COASTAL AREAS OF BAGERHAT AND PIROJPUR DISTRICTS CONSIDERING CHANGED CLIMATE

Abstract

Soil salinity becoming a limiting problem globally for agriculture. Salinization is one of the major natural hazards hampering crop production in costal part of Bangladesh. This study aimed to determine the salinity on physical and chemical properties of soil in coastal areas (Bagerhat and Pirojpur district) of Bangladesh and also to observe the salt tolerance of morphological, physiological and yield traits of brinjal genotypes. The stability analysis of binjal genotypes was observe at different location of farmer’s field in the coastal area. The study areas Electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 7.35 to 1.13 dS/m and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) values ranged from 5.99 to 49.37 with the highest salinity was in the month of May. Low concentrations of total nitrogen, phosphorus, exchangeable calcium and magnesium and high level of exchangeable potassium was found in the study area. In case of four different treatments germination percentage was maximum rather than control ranged from 63.74 to 90.24 at T (4 dS/m NaCl), with an average of 80.63% in BARI Hybrid Begun 2. Effect of salinity was also observed on plant height (cm), root, leaves, stem fresh weight and dry weight (g/plant), number of leaves/plant, length and width of leaves (cm), days of first flowering, number of cluster/plant, number of branches/ plant, number of fruits/plant, fruit diameter (cm), individual fruit weight (g), weight of fruit/plant (Kg), Leaf Area Index (LAI) and chlorophyll content. Leaf length significantly reduced irrespective of genotypes. Leaf breadth at vegetative stage of eight brinjal genotypes recorded 18.95 cm at control environment, while 15.56 cm at T 1 (4 dS/m), 12.77 cm at T (8 dS/m) and 8.84 cm was recorded at T 3 iii

2 (12 dS/m), i.e.53.33% reduced leaf breadth from control environment. In the reproductive stage maximum leaf area index (LAI) was recorded in F 14x5(603.67 cm 2 ), F 1 12x11 (518.40 cm 2 ) at control condition and decreasing trend was found with the increase of salinity level. In case of yield the level of salinity decrease all the yield parameters and it was12.34% reduced at 4 dS/m and 40.37% at 12 dS/m. Among the genotypes maximum yield was recorded at F 14×5 and BARI Hybrid Begun 2. Based on Genotype X Environment (GXE) highest interaction was observed in the genotypes responded in BARI Hybrid Begun 2, F 1 1 14×5 and BARI Begun 5 interaction with the environment Gazipur Sadar and Bagerhat Sadar and had better yield potentiality than other genotypes based on the positive genotypic and environmental mean values, phenotypic index and environmental index values. Therefore, F 14x5, BARI Hybrid Begun 2 performed better in salinity level 2 dS/m to 8 dS/m than compare to other genotypes in the study area.