DETERMINANTS OF INTERNAL MIGRATION AND ITS IMPACT ON HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH

Abstract

Rural-urban migration is a prevalent demographic occurrence observed in developing nations. Among the South Asian countries, Bangladesh has experienced the most substantial urbanization rate over the past forty years, largely fueled by the movement of people from rural to urban areas. This form of migration brings significant economic and social consequences for individuals residing in both the rural regions and the urban destinations. The main objective of this study was to explore the determinants of rural-urban migration and its impact on household income for analyze the socio-economic condition of migrants and non-migrants. Focusing on the Bogura and Gaibandha districts, the researcher collected primary data from 80 rural households, with 40 identified as migrants and 40 as non-migrants. A structured interview schedule was used for data collection from January to June 2022. The study employs a binary Probit regression model to identify the determinants of migration and an Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model to assess the impact of migration on household income. The results from the probit model revealed that, gender, earning members, member of societal group and receiving training had a positive impact on migration decision and household size of the family had a negative impact on migration decision. Based on the findings from OLS model, migration had a positive and significant impact on household income. The findings revealed that, migrant households have an income that is 42.2 percent higher than non-migrant households. Finally, the findings will shed light on the dynamics of migration and its relationship with household income, emphasizing the need to consider multiple factors when analyzing migration patterns and their consequences.