PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND MINERAL PROFILE STUDY OF DIFFERENT RAPESEED AND MUSTARD (Brassica spp.) GENOTYPES

Abstract

To evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of five varieties of rapeseed and mustard were taken to study their seed weight, moisture, ash, carbohydrate, protein, fat, total energy of the whole seed and chemical constant and fatty acid composition of oil and finally minerals composition of oilcake. Among the varieties Tori-7 contained the highest thousand grain weight (4.53 ± 0.10 g) and moisture percentage (4.68 ± 0.02%) whereas Sampad contained the highest amount of oil content (43.23 ± 1.06%) and gross energy (553.51 ± 5.20 kcal/g) but the lowest amount of ash (11.05 ± 0.03%). Significantly the highest amount of protein (26.80 ± 0.07%) and carbohydrate (22.29±0.81%) was observed in BARI Sarisha-15. In case of chemical constant the highest saponification value (168.25

± 0.15) and iodine value (106.27 ± 1.03) and the lowest acid value (1.20

± 0.02) were observed in BARI Sarisha-15. Significantly the highest amount of linoleic acid was observed in Sampad where the highest amount of palmitic acid (3.23 II

± 0.05%) and erucic acid (51.43

± 0.02%) were found in BARI Sarisha-17 and the highest amount of behenic acid (1.31 ± 0.03%), total saturated fatty acid (TSFA) (11.30 ± 0.19%) was found in BARI Sarisha-14. The concentration of stearic acid varied from 1.20 ± 0.02% to. 1.56 ± 0.03%; whereas arachidic acid contents ranged from 4.04

± 0.07% to 5.65 ± 0.09%. On the other hand, BARI Sarisha-15 contained the highest amount of oleic acid (18.44 ± 0.03%) and total unsaturated fatty acid (TUFA) (89.11 ± 0.03%). BARI Sarisha-14 contained the highest amount of calcium (0.44 ± 0.01%), potassium (0.90 ± 0.01%), copper (13.00 ± 0.86 ppm), and manganese (31.25±3.25ppm). BARI Sarisha-17 contained the highest amounts of magnesium (0.45 ± 0.01%), phosphorous (1.09 ± 0.03%) and Tori-7 contained the highest amounts of sulfur (0.43 ± 0.01%), iron (248.25 ± 3.25ppm), and zinc (48.37 ± 1.8ppm). However, this study suggested that although BARI Sarisha-14 contained notable mineral composition but in terms of qualitative aspect, BARI Sarisha-15 performed better over Sampad and Tori-7.