GENOTYPE × STRESS INTERACTION UNDER SALINITY AND DROUGHT CONDITION IN TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the genotype and stress interaction under salinity and drought condition. The experiments were conducted in net house of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University from November 2018 to March 2019. Two independent experiments were conducted with eight tomato genotypes collected from Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University. The genotypes were SL 021 (G ), SL 022 (G 2 ), SL 023 (G 3 ), SL 024 (G XVII

4 ), SL 025 (G 5 ), SL 026 (G 6 ), SL 027 (G ) and BARI tomato 11 (G 8 ). Four salinity treatments viz. T 1 (control), T (4 dS/m, mild salinity), T 3 (8 dS/m, moderate salinity), T (12 dS/m, severe salinity) and four drought treatments viz. T 1 (control), T 2 4 (10 days withhold of water, mild drought), T (20 days withhold of water, moderate drought), T (30 days withhold of water, severe drought) were applied to the genotypes. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications was followed in both experiments. Genotypes, salinity and drought influenced singly and in interaction on agromorphogenic, physiological and nutritional traits of tomato. Salinity treatment affected almost all traits of tomato negatively except days to first fruit setting, days to maturity, dry matter content, Na+ uptake, Brix content, titrable acidity and vitamin C content. Drought treatment interacted negatively with all traits except days to first flowering, days to fruit setting, days to maturity, proline content, etc. Early flowering (22.67 DAT) and early maturity (65 DAT) was found in G 8 4 at moderate and severe salinity respectively. G showed higher number of cluster per plant, number of flower per cluster, number of fruit per cluster and number of fruit per plant in both mild to moderate salinity and drought treatment. G 8 showed higher average fruit weight and higher yield per plant in both mild to moderate salinity and drought treatments. G 5 showed lower Na + uptake and higher K + uptake in severe saline treatment and higher Membrane stability index at moderate drought treatments. G also showed higher increase of proline and vitamin C content with the increase of drought treatment. From the research findings, G 5 could be suggested for early flowering, early fruit setting, early maturity, higher dry matter content and highest lycopene content at mild to moderate saline prone area. G 8 could be suggested for higher number of clusters per plant, fruits per cluster and higher number of fruits per plant for moderate saline and drought prone area. G 4 8 could be suggested for higher fruit weight, higher yield per plant for mild to moderate drought and saline area. G

could be considered for the cultivation at mild to moderate saline condition for its lower Na + uptake, higher K + uptake and higher vitamin C content. These genotypes viz. G 4 , G 5 and G could also be utilized as parental material for future hybridization program for these specific traits at specific stress prone area of Bangladesh.