Abstract:
The present research work was conducted to study the genetic diversity analysis
of soybean during the period from December 2017 to May 2018 in rabi season
in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-eBangla
Nagar,
Dhaka. In this experiment, 22 soybean genotypes were used as
experimental materials. Mean performance, variability, correlation, path analysis
and genetic diversity analysis on different yield attributes and yield of soybean
genotypes was estimated. Analysis of variance for each trait showed significant
differences among the genotypes except pod wide, seed per pod, seed yield per
plot and seed yield per hectare. In correlation study, highly significant positive
association was recorded for seed yield of soybean genotypes with first
flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to physiological, days to harvest
maturity, plant height, number of branch per plant, number of pod per plant, seed
yield per plant and yield per plot. Path coefficient analysis evidenced that 50%
flowering, day to physiological maturity, plant height, number of branch per
plant, pod per plant, 100 seed weight and yield per plot had the positive direct
effect on yield per plant. Therefore, importance has to be given for these
characters in the further breeding program to improve soybean yield.
Multivariate analysis based on fifteen characters of twenty-two soybean
genotypes was divided into three distant clusters. The maximum contribution
of traits towards diversity was observed by first flowering, days to 50%
flowering, days to physical maturity, days to harvest maturity, plant height,
number of main branches per plant and pod length. As a result, these traits could
be emphasized during the selection of parents for hybridization. The highest
inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and II and the maximum
intra cluster distance was found in cluster I. Considering group distance and other
agro-morphogenic performance, genotypes G2 (GM0009) and G13 (GM0014)
found the potential for future hybridization program in the response of increase
soybean yield.
