Year-2023

IMPACT OF CREDIT RATIONING ON RICE PRODUCTIVITY IN BANGLADESH

2026-10-13T04:00:57Z

IMPACT OF CREDIT RATIONING ON RICE PRODUCTIVITY IN BANGLADESH KHANAM, UMAIYA Bangladesh, a predominantly agricultural country, has a significant agricultural sector that contributes 11.22% of the country's GDP. This study aims to investigate socio-economic characteristics of Boro rice growers, factors influencing credit rationing, and the effect of credit rationing on Boro rice productivity in Kushtia district, one of the highest rices producing upazilas in the country. The study used a simple random sample strategy and a field survey to gather data on rice production and agricultural credit use. About 210 households were selected as sample households, with 120 farmers being credit constrained and 90 farmers unconstrained. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and a logit model with marginal impact. The Cobb-Douglas production function was used to assess the contribution of agricultural credit rationing to Boro rice production. Among the sample population, 22.40% of farmers were aged 0-35 years, 29.50% were 36-45 years, and 48.10% were above 46 years. Notably, 74.30% of the farmers' spouses were 0-35 years old, 17.10% were 36-45, and 8.60% were above 46. Educationally, 22.40% of the farmers were illiterate, 27.60% had primary education, 21% had secondary education, and 20% had higher secondary education. In contrast, 24.80% of the spouses were illiterate, 27.60% had primary education, 3.80% had secondary education, and 16% had higher secondary education. Land possession classified 7.10% of farmers as small, 59.50% as medium, and 33.30% as large. Financially, 21% of farmers had annual savings between BDT 100,000 and 50,000, while 75.70% saved more than BDT 50,000 annually, and 3.30% saved less than BDT 10,000. Agriculture was the primary income source for 90.50% of farmers, with only 9.50% relying solely on agriculture. Key determinants of credit rationing were identified, including age (coefficient 0.197, p=0.013), farm size (coefficient 0.703, p=0.095), and distance to the bank (coefficient 0.280, p=0.000). The model explained 52.5% of the variability in credit rationing outcomes. Credit rationing significantly impacted yield, with fertilizer cost (coefficient 0.845, p<0.001) being a crucial factor, while credit rationing itself negatively affected yield (coefficient -0.087, p=0.001). The study highlights critical constraints such as high collateral requirements (99.50% concern), distant financial institutions (100% concern), and fear of loan repayments (98.60% concern). Additionally, 89.50% of farmers acknowledged liquidity issues, and 100% linked credit constraints to technology adoption. These findings suggest a need for improved credit policies and support systems to enhance Boro rice production and alleviate financial constraints for farmers in Kushtia district. A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Agribusiness Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) IN AGRICULTURAL FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT

AN ASSESSMENT OF INCOME VULNERABILITY OF TEA GARDEN WORKERS IN SYLHET DISTRICT

2026-10-13T03:58:57Z

AN ASSESSMENT OF INCOME VULNERABILITY OF TEA GARDEN WORKERS IN SYLHET DISTRICT HOSSEN, MD. FOYSAL The aim of the study was to assess the income vulnerability of tea garden workers in Sylhet district. Two tea gardens were selected for the study namely “Lakkatura Tea Estate” and “Malnicherra Tea Estate”. Household surveys were used to collect data from tea garden workers. A total of 50 households were selected for the study and data was collected through face to face interview. The sample was chosen using the random sampling technique. The statistical tools were also used to analyze the objectives of the study. The chance of falling into income vulnerability was estimated using multiple regression model in this study. The age distribution of the workers revealed that, average age was 39 years old, maximum age was 62 years old, minimum age was 25 years of old. From the family size, it was found that maximum family size has 13 members, minimum family size was 3 members, average family had 6 members and mostly have 7 members. In the educational status of tea workers found that 18% of the respondents had passed primary level, 82% was illiterate. The workers of these tea gardens were living in very miserable condition. The study's findings indicated that, of all the workers sampled, 90 percent were high vulnerable, meaning they had a higher chance of being income vulnerable in the future, while just 4 percent had a low chance of becoming income vulnerable. For the analysis of the determination of income vulnerability some variables had significant effect on the income vulnerability of tea workers. The independent variables— gender, education, family size, and expenditure had a significant impact on the income vulnerability. However, gender, family size, and expenditure had a negative relationship with tea worker’s income vulnerability, meaning these variables had a significant impact on lowering tea garden worker’s income vulnerability. The income vulnerability of tea workers was significantly and negatively impacted by the acquisition value of livestock assets and the availability of credit as adaptive capability. It may lessen the tea garden worker’s vulnerability to change in income. This condition can be improved by taking some implementation method by the policy makers. A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Agribusiness Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURAL FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT

TECHNICAL AND RESOURCE USAGE EFFICIENCY OF POTATO PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BOGURA DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH

2026-10-13T03:56:18Z

TECHNICAL AND RESOURCE USAGE EFFICIENCY OF POTATO PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BOGURA DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH MATHIN, TASNIA THANIM In Bangladesh, potatoes are comparable to rice and wheat in terms of nutrients and are easily assimilated. The environment is ideal for potato growing, with plenty of sunshine, well-fertilized soil, and adequate moisture content. This study investigates the socioeconomic aspects of potato farming, profitability, technical efficiency, resource efficiency, and recommendations for aiming to improve resource efficiency. This study focuses on the potato cultivation in six Upazilas in Bogura district: namely Shibganj, Sonatola, Shariakandi, Dhunat, Nandigram, and Kahalu. A multi-sampling technique was employed to select a representative sample of 200 potato farmers. In-person interviews were conducted from December 2022 to January 2023. Profitability is assessed using the profitability equation. To delve deeper into operational efficiency, stochastic frontier analysis is employed, utilizing the Cobb-Douglas function to evaluate technical efficiency. Resource utilization efficiency is scrutinized by calculating the ratio of marginal value product (MVP) to marginal factor cost (MFC), with an ideal ratio of 1. The majority of farmers have 5 to 10 years of experience in potato cultivation, with 80%. The majority of farmers have land holdings ranging from 2 to 3 hectares. Majority of respondents are actively engaged in Farmer Co-operative Societies. A significant number of farmers received training on potato cultivation. The total variable cost for potato production per hectare is Tk 629,253.12 Tk. Fixed costs account for 14.73%. Revenue generated from potato production per hectare is Tk 990,821.09. The gross margin is Tk 361,567.97, and the net return is Tk 252,842.50. The return per taka invested is 1.34 units. The production function reveals that if the expenditure on land preparation for potato production is increased by 1%, the revenue of potato would decrease by 0.099%. The cost of insecticide/pesticide is also negative, indicating that 1% amount is increased, the revenue would decrease by 0.225%. The cost of tillage is positive, indicating that if 1% amount is increased, the revenue would increase by 0.120%. The cost of urea is positive, indicating that if 1% amount is increased, the revenue would increase by 0.051%. The cost of DAP is negative, indicating that if 1% amount is increased, the revenue would decrease by 0.045%. The cost of biofertilizer is also negative, indicating that if 1% amount is increased, the revenue would decrease by 0.075%. The cost of manure is also found negative. Factors such as age, education, family size, distance of NGOs, cooperation societies, experience, and market distance do not significantly affect technical inefficiency in potato farming. The average efficiency is 86.99. Most of the farmers technical efficiency is ranged from 81-90% range. The MVP/MFC ratios indicate excessive use, with hired labor, irrigation, insecticides/pesticides, tillage, urea, TSP, DAP, MOP, biofertilizer, and manure showing significant over-utilization. Overall, the study underscores the importance of technical and resource use efficiency of potato farming in Bangladesh. A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Agribusiness and Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURAL FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT