http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/5409 2026-04-14T15:26:23Z 2026-04-14T15:26:23Z Parven, A. Md Meftaul, I. Venkateswarlu, K. Megharaj, M. http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/5580 2026-01-26T10:34:15Z 2024-06-19T00:00:00Z

Herbicides in modern sustainable agriculture: environmental fate, ecological implications, and human health concerns Parven, A.; Md Meftaul, I.; Venkateswarlu, K.; Megharaj, M. Abstract Herbicides play a crucial role in modern agriculture by controlling weeds and ensuring sustainable crop productivity. However, the use of herbicides has raised concerns regarding their contamination, posing serious threat to the environment, biodiversity, and food safety. Recent trends indicate a decline in the overall volume of herbicides usage, suggesting a shift towards more speciic and targeted formulations of herbicides. Also, there has been an increased use of systemic and preemergence herbicides. The global agriculture still faces several challenges because of the adverse environmental impacts caused by herbicide contamination, both at the application site and ofsite. In view of the growing concern, it is necessary to develop new herbicides with greater selectivity or bio-based herbicide that can degrade after successful control of the intended weed population and minimize or eliminate the environmental hazards. Furthermore, the adoption of integrated weed management practices rather than prolonged and repeated use of herbicide in agriculture can efectively reduce the growth of herbicide-resistant weed populations. The present review is a single valuable resource, providing insights into the recent trends and future challenges associated with herbicide use in modern agriculture, with a focus on human health and food safety. Also, we emphasize the advancements in herbicide technology, emergence of new herbicide-resistant weed species, regulatory considerations, and alternative approaches in herbicide use, all of which are particularly valuable to agroecology, policymakers, and stakeholders.

2024-06-19T00:00:00Z Hasanuzzaman, Mirza Raihan, Md. Rakib Hossain Siddika, Ayesha Bardhan, Kirti Hosen, Md. Sarwar Prasad, P. V. Vara http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/5579 2026-01-26T08:56:18Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Selenium and its nanoparticles modulate the metabolism of reactive oxygen species and morpho-physiology of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to combat oxidative stress under water deficit conditions Hasanuzzaman, Mirza; Raihan, Md. Rakib Hossain; Siddika, Ayesha; Bardhan, Kirti; Hosen, Md. Sarwar; Prasad, P. V. Vara Abstract Background Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crop species worldwide, but its growth and development are adversely influenced by drought stress. However, the application of trace elements is known to improve plant physiology under water-limited conditions. In this study, the effects of drought stress on wheat plants were investigated, with a focus on potential mitigation by foliar application of selenium nanoparticles (Se(np)) and sodium selenate (Na2SeO4). The experiment was conducted in a net house using a completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments involved three levels of drought stress (mild, moderate, and severe) started at 30 days after sowing (DAS), with foliar sprays of Se(np) and Se (both 25 µM) initiated at 27 DAS and repeated 4 times at 7-day intervals until 55 DAS. Results Drought stress significantly reduced plant growth, whereas Se(np) and Se sprays enhanced it. Drought stress induced chlorophyll degradation, increased malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels, impaired membrane stability, and caused electrolyte leakage. Severe drought stress reduced the levels of antioxidants (e.g., proline, ascorbate, and glutathione by 4.18-fold, 80%, and 45%) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and others). Conversely, treatment with Se(np) and Se restored these parameters, for example, 1.23-fold higher total chlorophyll content with Se(np) treatment, 26% higher APX activity with Se treatment, 15% lower electrolyte leakage with Se treatment in wheat plants under severe drought stress. This Se-associated enhancement facilitated rapid scavenging of reactive oxygen species and reduced methylglyoxal toxicity, thereby diminishing oxidative stress and positively affecting the morphophysiological and biochemical responses of the plants under drought

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Das, Bristy Sayor, Tahmid Zarif Ul Hoq Nijhum, Rubyat Jahan Tishun, Mehnaz Tabassum Sakib, Taiyeb Hasan Karim, Md. Ehsanul Uddin, AFM Jamal Islam, Aparna Mohsin, Abu S. M. http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/5578 2026-01-26T08:34:35Z 2024-06-21T00:00:00Z

Designing and development of agricultural rovers for vegetable harvesting and soil analysis Das, Bristy; Sayor, Tahmid Zarif Ul Hoq; Nijhum, Rubyat Jahan; Tishun, Mehnaz Tabassum; Sakib, Taiyeb Hasan; Karim, Md. Ehsanul; Uddin, AFM Jamal; Islam, Aparna; Mohsin, Abu S. M. To address the growing demand for sustainable agriculture practices, new technologies to boost crop productivity and soil health must be developed. In this research, we propose designing and building an agricultural rover capable of autonomous vegetable harvesting and soil analysis utilizing cutting-edge deep learning algorithms (YOLOv5). The precision and recall score of the model was 0.8518% and 0.7624% respectively. The rover uses robotics, computer vision, and soil sensing technology to perform accurate and efficient agricultural tasks. We go over the rover’s hardware and software, as well as the soil analysis system and the tomato ripeness detection system using deep learning models. Field experiments indicate that this agricultural rover is effective and promising for improving crop management and soil monitoring in modern agriculture, hence achieving the UN’s SDG 2 Zero Hunger goals.

2024-06-21T00:00:00Z Ghosh, Arijit Hasanuzzaman, Mirza Fujita, Masayuki Adak, M. K. http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/5577 2026-01-26T07:54:25Z 2024-06-23T00:00:00Z

Carbon dioxide sensitization delays the postharvest ripening and fatty acids composition of Capsicum fruit by regulating ethylene biosynthesis, malic acid and reactive oxygen species metabolism Ghosh, Arijit; Hasanuzzaman, Mirza; Fujita, Masayuki; Adak, M. K. Present study would be significant in the sustenance of quality characters for postharvest storage of Capsicum fruit with CO2-sensitization in biocompatible manner. The present experiment describes effects of CO2 sensitization on delaying postharvest ripening through physiological attributes in Capsicum fruit. The experiment was conducted with acidified bicarbonate-derived CO2 exposure for 2 h on Capsicum fruit, kept under white light at 25 °C through 7 days postharvest storage. Initially, fruits responded well to CO2 as recorded sustenance of greenness and integrity of fruit coat resolved through scanning electron micrograph. Loss of water and accumulation of total soluble solids were marginally increased on CO2-sensitized fruit as compared to non-sensitized (control) fruit. The ethylene metabolism biosynthetic genes like CaACC synthase, CaACC oxidase were downregulated on CO2-sensitization. Accompanying ethylene metabolism cellular respiration was downregulated on CO2 induction as compared to control through 7 days of storage. Fruit coat photosynthesis decarboxylating reaction by NADP malic enzyme was upregulated to maintain the reduced carbon accumulation as recorded on 7 days of storage under the same condition. CO2-sensitization effectively reduced the lipid peroxides as oxidative stress products on ripening throughout the storage. Anti-oxidation reaction essentially downregulates the ROS-induced damages of biomolecules that otherwise are highly required for food preservation during postharvest storage. Thus, the major finding is that CO2-sensitization maintains a higher ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in fruit coat during storage. Tissuespecific downregulation of ROS also maintained the nuclear stability under CO2 exposure. These findings provide basic as well as applied insights for sustaining Capsicum fruit quality with CO2 exposure under postharvest storage.

2024-06-23T00:00:00Z