Abstract:
Executive Summary
The study, which combined questionnaire and observational methods, was carried out in the
urban and periurban areas of Dhaka with the aim of identifying the prevalence of the most
serious reproductive health issues in dairy cattle that were chosen between November 2022
and April 2023. Reproductive diseases and disorders can lead to economic losses in terms of
reduced fertility in dairy cows. We examine in a total of 2430 dairy cows from 150 small
(<10 dairy cows) and large scale (>10 dairy cows) dairy farms. During the study, 21.51%
cows were found to be affected with reproductive diseases and disorders. Twenty
reproductive diseases or disorders were diagnosed. Among them, anoestrus (6.79%), mastitis
(3.66%), repeat breeding (3.20%), metritis (2.34%), retained placenta (1.31%) and poor heat
detection (1.06%) were common reproductive problems. Anoestrus in dairy cows was
commonly seen in animals with low body condition score (on BCS ≤ 2) than that with fair
(2.5) and good (≥3-3.5) BCS. Taken together, reproductive diseases and disorders need to be
well addressed to gain the optimum productivity from dairy farms.
