INVESTIGATION AND SURVEY ON DISEASES OF TUBEROSE (Polianthes tuberosa L.) IN JASHORE DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH

Abstract

Three experiments were conducted for investigation and survey on diseases of tuberose during February to May, 2019 at Jashore district of Bangladesh. Eighteen villages from four Unions of Jhikargacha Upazila of Jashore were selected for investigation of field diseases of tuberose and field survey. The disease incidence and severity were recorded under natural epiphytic conditions. Ten diseases were recorded and identified in field conditions viz. stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, Botrytis blight caused by Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria leaf spot caused by Alternaria polyanthi, blossom blight caused by Fusarium equiseti, leaf tip blight caused by Phoma sp., tuber rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum, peduncle blight caused by Lasidiplodia theobromae, flower bud rot caused by unidentified bacteria, greasy leaf streak caused by unidentified nematode and Tuberose mild mosaic disease caused by unidentified virus. Considering the amount of diseases, stem rot, botrytis blight, leaf tip blight and greasy leaf streak were major diseases occurring in tuberose plant in Jashore district. The incidence and severity of diseases of tuberose varied significantly among the locations. In stem rot disease, the highest disease incidence and severity was recorded in Kulia (64.33%) and Chandpur (20.33%), respectively. In case of botrytis blight disease, both the highest disease incidence and severity was observed in Dhalipara (60% and 24%). In leaf tip blight disease, the highest disease incidence and severity was recorded in Patuapara was 40.33% and 17%, respectively. Moreover, the highest disease incidence and severity of greasy leaf streak was recorded in Godkhali (38% and 12.33%). Incidence and severity of alternaria spot disease ranged from 2.33% to 25% and 0.33 to 4.67%, respectively. However, incidence and severity of blossom blight disease ranged from 6.67% to 26.67% and 1% to 4.33%, respectively. For tuber rot disease, incidence and severity were 0 to 15% and 0 to 3%, respectively. For peduncle blight, disease incidence and severity ranged from 10.33% to 30.67% and 1.33% to 4.33%, respectively. Flower bud rot was observed in few locations. Moreover, tuberose mild mosaic disease was found in few locations. Five fungi viz. Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer, Chaetomium sp. were isolated and identified from bulb of tuberose by modified blotter method. Beside from this, a survey was carried out on the socio-economic status of tuberose farmers and problem related tuberose cultivation in Bangladesh. Altogether, 54 farmers were interviewed in the Jashore district of Bangladesh.